Dr. Li recently presented his research at the 2019 Tobacco Regulatory Science Meeting at the National Institute of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, MD. His project examined how and why e-cigarette users modify their vaping devices. A novel finding is that while users’ modifications to coils and power systems of vaping devices seem to peak a few years ago, users continue to misuse or abuse e-liquids, such as mixing different e-liquids and adding other substance into the e-liquids. The results help inform the FDA’s regulation decision-making.